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John F Kennedy

John F Kennedy

Net Worth

$100,000,000

Born in (City)

Brookline, Massachusetts

Born in (Country)

United state of America

Date of Birth

29th December, 1917

Date of Death

22nd December, 1963

Mother

Rose Fitzgerald

Father

Joseph P. Kennedy Sr.

Children

  • Arabella Kennedy
  • Caroline Bouvier Kennedy
  • John Fitzgerald Kennedy Jr.
  • Patrick Bouvier Kennedy

About

John Fitzgerald Kennedy (May twenty-nine, 1917 – Gregorian calendar month twenty-two, 1963), typically mentioned by his initials President, was associate degree Yankee politician World Health Organization served because of the thirty-fifth president of u. s. from 1961 till his assassination in 1963. Kennedy served at the peak of the conflict, and also the majority of his work as president involved relations with the country and Cuba. A Democrat, Kennedy delineated Massachusetts in each home of the U.S. Congress before changing into the president. Kennedy was born into a flush, political family in Brookline, Massachusetts. He graduated from Harvard University in 1940, before connecting to the U.S. armed service Reserve the subsequent year. throughout war II, he commanded a series of Pt boats within the Pacific theater and attained the Navy and the naval unit award for his service. when a short stint in journalism, Kennedy delineated a working-class Boston district within the U.S. House of Representatives from 1947 to 1953. He was after elective to the U.S Senate and served because of the junior legislator for Massachusetts from 1953 to 1960. whereas within the Senate, Kennedy revealed his book, Profiles in bravery, that won a newspaper publisher Prize. within the 1960 presidential election, he narrowly defeated Republican opponent Richard Milhous Nixon, World Health Organization was the incumbent vice-chairman. Kennedy’s humor, charm, and youth additionally to his father’s cash and contacts were nice assets within the campaign. Kennedy like an expert conferred his platform and himself employing a new medium, television. Kennedy was the primary Catholic elective president. Kennedy's administration enclosed high tensions with communist states within the conflict. As a result, he redoubled the quantity of Yankee military advisers in South Vietnam. The Strategic Hamlet Program began in Vietnam throughout his presidency. In Apr 1961, he licensed an endeavor to overthrow the Cuban government of Fidel Castro within the unsuccessful Bay of Pigs Invasion. Kennedy licensed the Cuban Project in Gregorian calendar month 1961. He rejected Operation Northwoods (plans for false flag attacks to achieve approval for a war against Cuba) in March 1962. However, his administration continuing to set up for associate degree invasion of Cuba within the summer of 1962. the subsequent October, U.S. spy planes discovered Soviet missile bases had been deployed in Cuba; the ensuing amount of tensions termed the Cuban Missile Crisis, nearly resulted in the break of a worldwide nuclear conflict. He conjointly signed the primary nuclear weapons written agreement in October 1963. Kennedy presided over the institution of the Peace Corps, Alliance for Progress with Latin America, and also the continuation of the Phoebus program to land a person on the Moon. He conjointly supported the civil rights movement, however, was solely somewhat booming en passant his New Frontier domestic policies.

Early Life

John Fitzgerald Kennedy was born outside Hub of the Universe in Brookline, Massachusetts on could twenty-nine, 1917, at eighty-three Beals Street, to Joseph P. Kennedy Sr., a bourgeois and politician, and Rose Kennedy (née Fitzgerald), a donor and personage. His paternal gramps, P. J. Kennedy, served as a Massachusetts state lawmaker. Kennedy's maternal gramps and somebody, John F. "Honey Fitz" Fitzgerald, served as a U.S. legislator and was nonappointive to 2 terms as city manager of Hub of the Universe. All four of his grandparents were youngsters of Irish immigrants. Kennedy had an associate elder brother, Joseph Jr., and 7 younger siblings: Rosemary, Kathleen ("Kick"), Eunice, Patricia, parliamentarian ("Bobby"), Jean, and Edward ("Ted"). Kennedy lived in Brookline for the primary 10 years of his life. He attended the native St. Aidan's Church, wherever he was baptized on June nineteen, 1917. He was educated through the fourth grade at the Edward Devotion faculty, the Noble and Greenough Lower faculty, and also the dextral School; all situated within the Hub of the Universe space. JFK's earliest recollections concerned related to his gramps Fitzgerald on walking tours of historic sites in Hub of the Universe and discussions at the family dining table regarding politics, sparking his interest in history and public service. His father's business had unbroken him off from the family for long stretches of your time, and his ventures were targeting Wall Street and Hollywood. In 1927, the dextral faculty declared it might not open before Gregorian calendar month when a pestilence of acute anterior poliomyelitis in Massachusetts. In Sep, the family determined to maneuver from Hub of the Universe by "private railway car" to the Riverdale neighborhood of recent royal line town. many years later, his brother parliamentarian told Look magazine that his father had left Hub of the Universe due to signs that read: "No Irish want Apply." The family spent summers and early autumns at their target Hyannis Port, Massachusetts, a village on the peninsula, wherever they enjoyed swimming, sailing, and American football. Christmas and Easter holidays were spent at their winter retreat in town, Florida. Young John attended the Riverdale Country faculty – a non-public faculty for boys – from fifth to seventh grade, and was a member of Boy unit two in Bronxville, New York. In Sep 1930, Kennedy, then thirteen years recent, was shipped off to the town faculty in New Milford, Connecticut, for eighth grade. In Apr 1931, he had an associate appendicectomy, when that he withdrew from the town and recuperated reception.

Road to Success

In 1940, Kennedy tried to enter the army's Officer Candidate faculty. Despite months of coaching, he was medically disqualified because of his chronic lower back issues. On Sep twenty-four, 1941, Kennedy, with the assistance of the director of the workplace of service Intelligence (ONI) and also the former military attache to Joseph Kennedy, Alan Kirk, joined u. s. service Reserve. He was commissioned Associate in Nursing ensign on Gregorian calendar month twenty-six, 1941, and joined the workers of the workplace of service Intelligence in Washington, D.C. In January 1942, Kennedy was appointed to the government agency field workplace at Headquarters, Sixth service District, in Charleston, South geographic region. He attended the service Reserve Officer coaching faculty at Northwestern University in Chicago from July twenty-seven to Sep twenty-seven then voluntarily entered the Motor war vessel Squadrons coaching Center in a writer, Rhode Island. On Gregorian calendar month ten, he was promoted to lieutenant junior grade. In early Gregorian calendar month, Kennedy was still mourning the death of his shut, childhood friend, naval unit lieutenant St. George Houk Mead son., WHO had been killed in action at Guadalcanal that August and awarded the palm for his bravery. in the midst of a feminine acquaintance from a flush Newport family, the couple had stopped in Middletown, Rhode Island at the necropolis wherever the adorned, naval spy, Commander dramatist W. Koehler, USN, had been buried the previous year. Ambling around the plots close to the little St. Columba's chapel, Kennedy paused over Koehler's white granite cross grave marker and pondered his own mortality, hoping aloud that once his time came, he wouldn't need to die while not faith. "But these items cannot be faked," he added. "There's no bluffing. 20 years later, Kennedy and Koehler's stepchild, U.S. legislator Claiborne Pell had become sensible friends and political allies, though they'd been acquaintances since the mid-1930s throughout their "salad days" on identical Newport adult female party "circuit" and once Pell had dated Kathleen ("Kick") Kennedy. Kennedy completed his coaching on Dec two and was appointed to Motor Torpedo Squadron FOUR. His initial command was PT-101 from Dec seven, 1942, till Gregorian calendar month twenty-three, 1943: it absolutely was a patrol torpedo (PT) boat used for coaching whereas Kennedy was a coach at the writer. He then junction rectifier 3 Huckins atomic number 78 boats—PT-98, PT-99, and PT-101, that were being resettled from MTBRON four in the writer, Rhode Island, back to Jacksonville, Florida, and also the new MTBRON fourteen (formed Gregorian calendar month seventeen, 1943). throughout the trip south, he was hospitalized in short in Jacksonville when diving into the cold water to unfold a mechanical device. Thereafter, Kennedy was appointed duty in Panama and later within the Pacific theater, wherever he eventually commanded 2 additional atomic number 78 boats. Commanding PT-109 Kennedy on his navy watercraft, the PT-109, 1943. In Gregorian calendar month 1943, Kennedy was appointed to Motor Torpedo Squadron 2, and on Gregorian calendar month twenty-four, he took command of PT-109, which was based mostly at the time on Tulagi Island within the Solomons. On the night of August 1–2, in support of the New Georgia campaign, PT-109 was on its thirty-first mission with fourteen different PTs ordered to dam or repel four Japanese destroyers and floatplanes carrying food, supplies, and 900 Japanese troopers to the capital of Vanuatu Plantation garrison on the southern tip of the Solomon's Kolombangara Island. Intelligence had been sent to Kennedy's Commander Thomas G. Warfield expecting the arrival of the massive Japanese service force that may pass away the evening of Lammas Day. Of the twenty-four torpedoes dismissed that night by eight of the Yankee PTs, not one hit the Japanese convoy.[48] thereon dark and moonless night, Kennedy noticed a Japanese destroyer heading north on its come from the bottom of Kolombangara around 2:00 a.m., and tried to show to attack, once PT-109 was rammed suddenly at Associate in Nursing angle and cut in [*fr1] by the destroyer Amagiri, killing 2 PT-109 crew members. Kennedy gathered around the part of his extant 10 crew members to vote on whether or not to "fight or surrender". Kennedy stated: "There's nothing within the book a couple of scenario like this. plenty of you men have families and a few of you've got youngsters. What does one need to do? I actually have nothing to lose." dodging surrender, around 2:00 p.m. on August two, the boys swam towards pudding Island three.5 miles (5.6 km) southwest of the remains of PT-109. Despite re-injuring his back within the collision, Kennedy towed a badly burned crewman through the water to the island with a life vest strap tight between his teeth. Kennedy created an extra two-mile swim the night of August two, 1943, to Ferguson Passage to aim to hail a passing Yankee torpedo boat to expedite his crew's rescue and tried to form the trip on a resultant night, in an exceedingly broken canoe found on Naru Island wherever he had swum with Ensign St. George Ross to appear for food. On August four, 1943, he and Lenny Thom power-assisted his disabled and hungry crew on a tight swim three.75 miles (6.04 km) southeast of Olasana Island, which was visible to the crew from their desolate home on pudding Island. They swam against a robust current, and once more Kennedy towed the badly burned motor journeyman "Pappy" MacMahon by his life preserver. The somewhat larger Olasana Island had ripe coconut trees, however still no water. On a subsequent day, August 5, Kennedy and Ensign St. George Ross created the one-hour swim to Naru Island, an extra distance of regarding .5 miles (0.80 km) southwest, in search of facilitating and food. Kennedy and Ross found a little canoe, packages of barmy, candy, and a fifty-gallon drum of drinkable water left by the Japanese, that Kennedy paddled another 880 yards back to Olasana within the nonheritable canoe to produce his hungry crew. Lieutenant "Bud" Liebenow, an exponent and former tentmate of Kennedy's, saved Kennedy and his crew on Olasana Island on August eight, 1943 aboard his boat, PT-157, with the assistance of coast watcher Lieutenant Reginald Evans and several other native coastwatchers, significantly Biuku Gasa and Eroni Kumana. Commanding PT-59 It solely took Kennedy a month to recover and come to duty, commanding the PT-59. He initially had the torpedo tubes and depth charges removed then refitted the boat in one month into a heavily armed boat mounting 2 automatic 40mm guns and 10 .50 caliber Browning machine guns. The setup concerned attaching a boat to every torpedo boat section adding gun vary and defensive power against barges and shore batteries that the fifty-nine went on to encounter on many occasions from the period of time to period of time. On Gregorian calendar month eight, 1943, Kennedy was promoted to full lieutenant. On Christian holy day, Kennedy's PT-59 took to give up 2 different PTs within the booming rescue of 40–50 marines. The fifty-nine acted as a protection from shore fireplace and guarded them as they at large on 2 rescue craft at the bottom of the person watercourse at Choiseul Island, taking 10 marines aboard and delivering them to safety. underneath doctor's orders, Kennedy was eased of his command of PT-59 on Gregorian calendar month eighteen, and sent to the hospital on Tulagi. From there he came to u. s. in early January 1944. when receiving treatment for his back injury, he was discharged from active duty in late 1944. Kennedy was hospitalized at the Chelsea service Hospital in Chelsea, Massachusetts from might to Dec 1944. On June 12, he has conferred the Navy and the naval unit award for his heroic actions on August 1–2, 1943, and also the Purple Heart award for his back injury whereas on PT-109. starting in January 1945, Kennedy spent 3 additional months ill from his back injury at Castle Hot Springs, a resort and temporary infirmary in Arizona. when the war, Kennedy felt that the award he had received for valiancy wasn't a combat award and asked that he be reconsidered for the {silver star|Silver Star award|Silver Star|decoration|laurel wreath|medal|medallion|palm|ribbon} Medal that he had been suggested at first. Kennedy's father conjointly requested that his son receive the medallion, that is awarded for gallantry in action. On August twelve, 1944, Kennedy's older brother, Joe Jr., a navy pilot, was killed whereas on a special and dangerous air mission that he had volunteered. His explosive-laden plane blew up once the plane's bombs detonated untimely whereas the craft was flying over English people Channel. On March 1, 1945, Kennedy retired from the Navy Reserve on physical incapacity and was honorably discharged with the total rank of lieutenant. once later asked however he became a war hero, Kennedy joked: "It was simple. They cut my torpedo boat "In 1950, the Department of the Navy offered Kennedy a {bronze star|Bronze Star award|Bronze Star|decoration|laurel wreath|medal|medallion|palm|ribbon} Medal in recognition of his meritable service, that he declined. Kennedy's 2 original medals are presently on show at the toilet F. Kennedy Presidential Library and repository. Military awards In addition to the assorted campaign medals received for his war service, Kennedy was awarded the Navy and naval unit award for his conduct throughout and when the loss of PT-109, also because of the Purple Heart for being wounded.

Challenges

At the urging of Kennedy's father, U.S. Representative James archangel Curley vacated his seat within the powerfully Democratic eleventh dominion of Massachusetts to become a civil authority of Bean Town in 1946. Kennedy established his residency at AN residence on 122 Bowdoin Street across from the Massachusetts State House. along with his father funding and running his campaign beneath the catchword "THE NEW GENERATION OFFERS A LEADER", Kennedy won the Democratic primary with forty-two % of the vote, defeating 10 alternative candidates. His father joked once the campaign, "With the cash I spent, I might have elective my chauffeur." cause around Bean Town, Kennedy needed higher housing for veterans, higher health takes care of all, and support for organized labor's campaign for affordable work hours, a healthy geographical point, and therefore the right to prepare, bargain, and strike. additionally, he campaigned for peace through the world organization and powerful opposition to the USSR. tho' Republicans took management of the House within the 1946 elections, Kennedy defeated his Republican opponent within the election, taking seventy-three % of the vote. along with side Richard Nixon and McCarthy, Kennedy was one in every of many war II veterans elective to Congress that year. He served within the House for 6 years, connecting the powerful Education and Labor Committee and therefore the Veterans' Affairs Committee. He targeted his attention on affairs, supporting the foreign policy because of the applicable response to the rising conflict. He conjointly supported the housing project and opposed the Labor Management Relations Act of 1947, which restricted the facility of labor unions. tho' not as vocal AN anti-communist as McCarthy, Kennedy supported the Immigration and position Act of 1952, which needed Communists to register with the govt, and he deplored the "loss of China". Having served as a Boy Scout throughout his childhood, Kennedy was active within the Bean Town Council from 1946 to 1955: as District chairman, member of the chief Board, Vice-President, similarly as a National Council Representative. nearly every weekend that Congress was in session, Kennedy would fly back to Massachusetts to grant speeches to veteran, fraternal, and civic teams, whereas maintaining AN index card file on people WHO can be useful for a future campaign for the state-wide workplace. Chief Executive set a goal of speaking in each town and city in Massachusetts before 1952. As early as 1949, Kennedy began getting ready to endure the Senate in 1952 against Republican three-term incumbent Henry Cabot Lodge Jnr. with the campaign catchword "KENNEDY can DO a lot of FOR MASSACHUSETTS". Joseph Kennedy once more supported his son's crusade, whereas John Kennedy's younger brother Robert F. Kennedy emerged as a very important member of the campaign as manager. The campaign hosted a series of "teas" (sponsored by Kennedy's mother and sisters) at hotels and parlors across Massachusetts to succeed in bent girls voters. within the presidential election, Republican Dwight D. President Eisenhower carried Massachusetts by a margin of 208,000 votes, however, Kennedy defeated Lodge by seventy,000 votes for the Senate seat. the subsequent year, he married Jacqueline Bouvier.

Failures

Kennedy's most distinguished failure would have to be compelled to be not supporting the Cuban rebels United Nations agency tried to overthrow the Castro regime throughout the Bay of Pigs invasion. Kennedy failed to offer air support to the current CIA mission and also the mission's disaster light-emitting diode to a loss of yank status and it reinforced Castro as a pacesetter of the those who stood against yank aggression. it absolutely was shortly when that Khrushchev keeps nuclear missiles on the island within the Cuban Missile Crisis. whereas that may be Kennedy's best moment as president, the Bay of Pigs collapse ought to have either been supported or known as off altogether. Kennedy additionally allowed America to remain in Vietnam by authorizing additional advisers and Special Forces teams to enter the country in a very war that may ultimately tarnish the Democratic Party for consecutive twenty years. Kennedy's greatest failure domestically would be his slowness to induce concerned within the civil rights movement. it absolutely was solely when the televised riots that transpire in Alabama did Kennedy arrange to inspect lawmaking on civil rights. whereas Kennedy failed to share the emotions of segregationists, he additionally failed to need to alienate Southern Democratic congressmen. Kennedy ultimately visited on integrating and was close to pushing legislation through Congress before his untimely death in 1963. when Kennedy's assassination, Johnson was able to pass the Civil Rights Act of 1964 by exploiting Kennedy's bequest. The Kennedy administration is tough to evaluate since heaps of its thought of in terms of what might have happened rather than what really happened.

Achievements

He is the only American president to win a Pulitzer Prize for his work, Profiles in Courage, in the year 1957.|The Chief Herald of Ireland presented Kennedy with the grant of arms in 1961.

Quotes

  • If not us, who? If not now, when?
  • Ask not what your country can do for you, but what you can do for your country.